Russia has threatened to block YouTube, as the Kremlin called for "zero tolerance" towards the video hosting giant. The move comes after YouTube removed Russian state-backed broadcaster RT's German-language channels from its platform.
On Tuesday, the online video company, owned by Google's parent company Alphabet Inc, deleted RT's German-language channels, saying they had breached its COVID-19 misinformation policy.
YouTube said on Wednesday that it would block all anti-vaccine content, moving beyond COVID-19 to include content that alleges vaccines cause chronic health effects or contains misinformation on the substances in vaccines.
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Russia announced it was considering retaliating against German media and accused YouTube of "unprecedented information aggression."
Roskomnadzor, the Russian state communications regulator, said it had written to Google and demanded that the YouTube restrictions on the RT channels be lifted. Russia could partially or fully restrict access to YouTube if it failed to comply, it added.
Google declined to comment on the matter, according to Reuters.
'Zero tolerance'
Russia could impose measures to force YouTube to comply with its laws, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters, adding that the law appeared to have been broken in this case.
"There should certainly be zero tolerance for this kind of breaking of the law," he said.
Russia's foreign ministry said it would draw up "a proposal to develop and take retaliatory measures against the YouTube hosting service and the German media."
The TASS news agency reported that Vasily Piskarev, a lawmaker who heads a parliamentary commission to investigate foreign interference, said Russia had grounds to take measures against German media company Deutsche Welle.
Christian Mihr, executive director at Reporters Without Borders (RSF) Germany, said the threat of action against German journalists was "completely inappropriate." Berlin denied an allegation by the Russian foreign ministry that YouTube's decision had been made with clear and tacit support from the German authorities and local media.
"It is a decision by YouTube, based on rules created by YouTube. It is not a measure [taken by] the German government or other official organizations," German government spokesperson Steffen Seibert told reporters.
Russia scrutinizes 'Big Tech'
Moscow has increased pressure on foreign technology firms in the past year, fining social media companies for failing to delete content Russia deems illegal and punitively slowing down the speed of Twitter.
Separately on Wednesday, Russia fined Google 6.5 million roubles ($89,534), the latest in a series of small penalties for failing to delete content that Moscow deems illegal.
The Kremlin's critics say that mounting pressure on Google and Apple pushed the media giants to remove an anti-government tactical voting app from their stores on the first day of a parliamentary election this month.