Thousands of protesters against COVID-19 restrictions rallied in cities across Europe on Saturday, as several nations reimposed partial lockdowns to fight new surges in infections.

Across much of Europe a fresh wave of the virus is emerging, leading to governments reimposing social distancing and movement restrictions. Residents in Poland, parts of France, and Ukraine's capital are among the latest to face experience the fresh restrictions.

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Many have grown increasingly weary of the economically painful restrictions, with some taking to the streets in protest. Frustrations spilled over in cities across Europe with thousands marching in Germany, the UK, France, Sweden and Switzerland.

Demonstrators in the German city of Kassel held up signs including "End the Lockdown" and "Corona Rebels."

German authorities used water cannon, batons and pepper spray to disperse the protesters, which a Kassel police spokesman said numbered between 15,000 and 20,000 – one of the largest such rallies so far this year.

Thousands also demonstrated in London against virus curbs, including many carrying signs promoting coronavirus conspiracy theories. The Metropolitan Police said 36 people were arrested, most for breaking those restrictions, with a spokesperson adding that a group of around 100 demonstrators threw missiles at officers.

The rallies in the UK have been growing as the country's vaccine effort continues, being hailed as a success in particular in comparison with European neighbors. Protesters are frustrated that despite falling infection rates, believed to be instigated by the vaccine, the UK remains in lockdown. 

Video editing: Nuri Moseinco