Hungary has announced plans to withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC).
The announcement coincides with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's visit to Budapest. Netanyahu faces an ICC arrest warrant for alleged war crimes in Gaza; as an ICC member, Hungary would typically be obligated to arrest him.
Prime Minister Viktor Orban stated that the ICC has become a "political" institution, leading to Hungary's decision to exit. He emphasized his understanding of the court's operations, noting his role as prime minister when Hungary joined the ICC in 2001.
The withdrawal process requires approval in parliament, where Orban's party holds a majority. The withdrawal will take effect one year after formal notification.
Legal experts contend that Hungary's stance lacks merit. They argue that war crimes, such as those Netanyahu is accused of, fall under customary international law, which Hungary is bound to uphold.
Despite this, Hungary maintains that the absence of domestic legislation incorporating the Rome Statute prevents enforcement of ICC warrants.
Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Budapest today. /Bernadett Szabo/Reuters
This decision may further strain Hungary's relations with the European Union, which supports international institutions like the ICC. The European Commission expressed regret over Hungary's move, noting that withdrawal takes effect after a year and does not negate ongoing cooperation obligations.
Additionally, it could affect ties with China, a key economic partner that advocates for a two-state solution and has criticized unilateral actions in Gaza. Nonetheless, Orban's government appears willing to risk diplomatic isolation to strengthen alliances with Israel.
Netanyahu praised Hungary's decision, calling it "bold and principled." He reiterated Israel's right to self-defense against Hamas and other adversaries. Despite Hungary's support, Netanyahu remains at risk of arrest in over 120 ICC member countries.
The formal withdrawal process will now proceed to the Hungarian parliament for a vote. Given Orban's party's control, approval is anticipated. This move underscores Hungary's prioritization of its relationship with Israel, even at the potential cost of further isolation within the EU.