The conflict in Ukraine has sparked an energy crisis the likes of which Europe has perhaps never seen. The reliance of much of Europe on Russian supplies has been completely exposed by sanctions imposed on Vladimir Putin's government.
Now Europe faces the prospect of de-industrialization as energy-heavy industries look to move to places like the U.S., which is accused of sucking manufacturing away from its supposed European allies.
Norway has been painted as both hero and villain in the current crisis – providing Europe with much needed gas on the one hand but on the other accused of profiteering from the situation. On this edition of The Agenda Juliet Mann speaks to the country's State Secretary of Petroleum and Energy, Andreas Bjelland Eriksen to find out what the Norwegians are doing to help solve the EU's energy issues.
And she speaks to Karen Pittel, Director of Germany's ifo Center for Energy, Climate and Resources and Paul Dorfman, Associate Fellow at the Science Policy Research Unit for the University of Sussex to find out just how Europe ended up facing a very cold and difficult winter, and what the long-term impact will be.